管凸緣成形 (Tube End Forming / Flanging)

管凸緣成形 (Tube End Forming / Flanging)

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# Date : 2019-06-14
# Author : Enson, C-H, Yu, Ph.D.
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# Keywords: Tube, End forming, Flanging, Orbital forming, Welding, ... .
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# ABSTRACT

凸緣管件，常用於連接套管以傳輸油、水、粉末等物品，
本文將說明凸緣管件之製造方法。

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# INTRODUCTION

凸緣管件之常見製造方法，是以銲接製造凸緣管件，
此方法需考慮銲接強度，不利於高壓環境，做法為：

  1. 分別準備管材與平鈑
  2. 透過銲接填補銲料結合管材與平鈑
  3. 以 CNC 加工移除多餘銲料

過去曾協助廠商開發一體式凸緣管件成形方法，做法為：

* 準備一管材 --> 預成形 (端壓)  -->  擺輾成形 (成形凸緣)

以下為凸緣管件相關製造方法。

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# 管凸緣成形方法：

##. 旋壓成形 (Spinning)

 ** Friction Spinning [Homberg,2010] 

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##. 擺輾成形 (Orbital forming) :

  * 以擺輾成形輾壓出不銹鋼凸緣 [許,2010]

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##. 端壓成形 (End forming / pressing)

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##. 液壓成形 (Hydro forming) [Alzahrani,2016]

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##. 射出鍛造成形 (Injection forging)

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# 一模三沖成形：

以上下模夾持管材，利用三支沖頭進行擴孔與凸緣成形。

REF:
[] STM stainless steel tube end forming machine, tube end expansion, tube flange making, Youtube,
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L8K-tEtv-iQ

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# REFERENCE

##. REF. Hydroforming

[] B. Alzahrani,G. Ngaile (2016) Preliminary Investigation of the Process Capabilities of Hydroforging, Materials, Vol.9. 

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## REF. Orbital forming

[] 許進忠,余征諴 (2010) 不銹鋼管凸緣擺輾成形製程技術, 精密機械與製造科技期刊, Vol.1, pp.62-67.

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##. REF. Spinning:


[] W. Homberg, D. Hornjak,C. Beerwald (2010) Manufacturing of Complex Functional Graded Workpieceswith the Friction -Spinning Process, International Journal of Material Forming, Vol.3, pp.943-946.

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